He arrived at the two main points after this experiment. Moreover, he repeated the experiment with different materials and gases and found the deflection of the rays was the same irrespective of materials and gases used. “Thus this experiment shows that however we twist and deflect the cathode rays by magnetic forces, the negative electrification follows the same path as the rays and that this negative electrification is indissolubly connected with the cathode rays,” Thomson quoted. If these rays were further bent, they overshot the slits and the electrometer failed to show any readings. And the presence of negatively charge was detected in the electrometer. When the rays were bent by a magnetic field, they infiltrate the cylinders through the slits. He traced the path of the rays using the fluorescence on a squared screen in the jar. The rays would not enter the cylinders unless deflected by a magnetic field. When a high potential difference was applied between the cathode (A in the diagram) and anode (B in the diagram), cathode rays, which were produced in the left tube, emitted from the cathode and entered into the main bell jar. The outer cylinder was grounded while inner was attached to an electrometer to detect any electric current as shown in the figure below. The cylinders were coaxial placed and insulated from each other. The experiment apparatus consisted of two metal cylinders. In the final experiment, he succeeded in measuring mass to charge ratio. In the first, the magnetic effect on cathode rays was studied while in the second, the rays were deflected by an electric field. His entire works can be divided into three different experiments. He concluded that the rays were comprised of particles. The immaterial nature and the aetherial hypothesis of cathode rays were proved wrong by J.
According to some, the rays are due to some process in the aether. Many diverse opinions were held on these rays. Phosphorescent coating: It is the final part of the CRT, where the rays strike to create a glow.īack in those days, physicists were unclear whether cathode rays were immaterial like light or were material.Cathode rays bend as they interact with these fields. This is achieved by an external electric and magnetic field. Deflection system: It controls the direction of the electron beam.It will narrow the beam and increase its kinetic energy.
#Hertz cathode ray experiment series#
He was well-known for the discovery of the electron. Sir Joseph John Thomson was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate.
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